Fast Fault Identification in Bipolar HVDC Grids: A Fault Parameter Estimation Approach

The protection of meshed HVDC grids requires the fast identification faults affecting transmission lines. Communication-based methods are thus not suited due to delays. Many approaches involving a model transient behavior faulty line have recently been proposed. Nevertheless, an accurate description traveling wave phenomenon in multi-conductor lines such as overhead complex computations ill-suited for fault identification. This paper presents single-ended algorithm using closed-form parametric behavior. combines physical and behavioral parts depends explicitly on parameters that characterize fault, namely distance impedance. When is suspected, estimated so fits best received measurements. confidence region used decide whether protected actually or not. proposed tested 4 station grid simulated with EMTP-RV software. method able identify measurement window less than 0.5 ms. allows ultra-fast clearing can hence improve overall reliability future grids.